Evaluation of the Efficacy of Selected Antibiotics Against Bacteria Isolated from Urinary Infection Tract Samples at Misurata Medical Center, Libya
Keywords:
Urinary Tract, Isolated Bacteria, Antibiotics, Misurata Medical CenterAbstract
There has been a recent increase in the incidence of urinary tract infections (UTIs) among individuals and a rise in bacterial resistance to antibiotics, leading to numerous complications. This study aimed to examine 86 urine samples from the Urology Department at Misurata Medical Center. The samples were cultured on different media, and diagnostic tests were conducted to identify the isolated bacterial species. The disk diffusion method was employed to test the susceptibility of these isolates to several antibiotics. The results revealed the isolation of several bacterial species in varying proportions: Staphylococcus aureus (36%), followed by Escherichia coli (23%), Klebsiella pneumoniae (11%), Klebsiella spp. (7%), Streptococcus spp. (5%), with Streptococcus viridans, Streptococcus pyogenes, and Proteus mirabilis each at 4%, and Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Enterobacter, and Bacillus sp. each at 2%. Furthermore, the findings indicated that among the Gram-negative bacteria, Pseudomonas aeruginosa exhibited the highest resistance to antibiotics (67%), followed by Klebsiella pneumoniae, Escherichia coli, and Proteus mirabilis (42%).
References
Arslan.B, Kozacioglu.Z, Ergin.YO, Bozkurt.HI, Degirmenci.T, Yonguc.T, Gunlusoy.B, (2014). Pathogene Bacteria of the Urinary Tract Isolated from urine cultures and their susceptibility, Erciyes Medical journal, Turky, DOI:10.5152-etd,7741, www.erciyesmedj.com
Flores-Mireles, A; Walker, JN; Caparon, M; and Hultgren, SJ. (2015). Urinary tract infections: epidemiology, mechanisms of infection and treatment options, Microbiology, Vol 13, P: 269-284, doi:10.1038/nrmicro3432.
Vasudevan.R, (2014), Urinary Tract Infection an overview of infection and the association risk factors, school of chemical and biotechnology, J Microbiol Exp;1(2):42‒54. DOI: 10.15406/jmen.2014.01.00008
Anjum, MU; Khan, MS; Shahid, AR; and Shah SH. (2016). Urinary Tract Infections; Etiological Profile and Antimicrobial Susceptibility Patterns Of Uropathogens, Professional Med J;23(1):010-014. DOI: 10.17957/TPMJ/16.3044
Suetens, C., Latour, K., Kärki, T., Ricchizzi, E., Kinross, P., Moro, M. L., Jans, B., Hopkins, S., Hansen, S., Lyytikäinen, O., Reilly, J., Deptula, A., Zingg, W., Plachouras, D., Monnet, D. L., & the Healthcare-Associated Infections Prevalence Study Group. (2018). Prevalence of healthcare-associated infections, estimated incidence and composite antimicrobial resistance index in acute care hospitals and long-term care facilities: results from two European point prevalence surveys, 2016 to 2017. Euro surveillance, 23(46), Euro Surveill. ;23(46):pii=1800516. https://doi.org/10.2807/15607917.ES.2018.23.46.18005161800516.
Kass, E.H. (2002). Asymptomatic infections of the urinary tract, Journal of urology, American Urological Association, USA, Vol. 167, 1016- 1020. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0022-5347(02)80328-7
Abd Alqawi, AA. (2023). Prevalence and Antimicrobial Resistance Pattern of Bacterial Strains Isolated from Patients with Urinary Tract Infection in Al-Wahda Hospital in Derna City/Libya, Journal of Medical Bacteriology, Vol. 11, No. 3, 4: pp.10-17.
Abbas, G. A. S., Salih, S. A. M., & Abdeldaim, G. M. (2024). Multi-Drug-Resistant Enterobacteriaceae Causing Urinary Tract Infections At Al-Marj Teaching Hospital. Libyan Journal of Public Health Practices, 1(1), 18-25.
Foxman, B. (2014). Urinary tract infection syndromes: occurrence, recurrence, bacteriology, risk factors, and disease burden. Infectious Disease Clinics of North America, 28(1), 1–13.
White.B, (2011). Diagnosis and Treatment of Urinary Tract Infection In Children, American family physician, 15;83(4):409-415. PMID: 21322515.
Sulaiman, T., Tanimu, S., Aminu, A.M., Adam, A.S., and Saleh, K. J. (2023). Isolation and Characterization of Bacteria From Patients With Urinary Tract Infection Attending Dutsin-Ma General Hospital, Katsina State. North Asian International Research Journal of Sciences, Engineering & I.T., 9(2), 1–9. https://doi.org/10.5949/NAIRJC/2023.8.0.2.
Ronald, A. (2002). The etiology of urinary tract infection: traditional and emerging pathogens. The American journal of medicine, 113(1), 14-19. doi:10.1067/mda.2003.8
Prasada Rao, C. M., Vennila, T., Kosanam, S., Ponsudha, P., Suriyakrishnaan, K., Alarfaj, A. A., and Selvam, N. (2022). [Retracted] Assessment of Bacterial Isolates from the Urine Specimens of Urinary Tract Infected Patient. BioMed Research International, 2022(1), 4088187. https://doi.org/10.1155/2022/4088187
Schnarr, J., & Smaill, F. (2008). Asymptomatic bacteriuria and symptomatic urinary tract infections in pregnancy. European journal of clinical investigation, 38, 50-57.
Farrell, D., Morrissey, I., De Rubeis, D., Robbins, M., & Felmingham, D. A. U. K. (2003). A UK multicentre study of the antimicrobial susceptibility of bacterial pathogens causing urinary tract infection. Journal of infection, 46(2), 94-100. https://doi.org/10.1053/jinf.2002.1091
Karanika, S., Karantanos, T., Arvanitis, M., Grigoras, C., & Mylonakis, E. (2016). Fecal Colonization with Extended-spectrum Beta-lactamase-Producing Enterobacteriaceae and Risk Factors Among Healthy Individuals: A Systematic Review and Metaanalysis. Clinical Infectious Diseases, 63(3), 310–318. DOI: 10.1093/cid/ciw283
Clatworthy AE, Pierson E, Hung DT. Targeting virulence: a new paradigm for antimicrobial therapy. Nat Chem Biol. 2007 Sep;3(9):541-8. doi: 10.1038/nchembio.2007.24. PMID: 17710100.
Bauer, A. W. (1996). Antibiotic susceptibility testing by a standardized single disc method. Am. J. of Clinc. Path., 45, 149-158.
Pundir, R. K. and Jain, P., (2009)."Antibiotic sensitivity pattern of Streptococcus mutans against commercially available drugs", Journal of Pharmacy Research, 2 (7): 1250–1252.
Weinstein, M. P., & Lewis, J. S. (2020). The clinical and laboratory standards institute subcommittee on antimicrobial susceptibility testing: background, organization, functions, and processes. Journal of clinical microbiology, 58(3), 10-1128. https://doi.org/10.1128/JCM.01864-19.
Yenli, E.M.T., Ankrah, J.N.O., Zeyeh, D.E. and Ziem, J.B. (2019) Catheter-Associated Bacteria Urinary Tract Infection and Antibiotic Susceptibility Pattern in a Tertiary Hospital, in Ghana. Open Journal of Urology, 9, 140-151. https://doi.org/10.4236/oju.2019.99017.
Aloraibi, A. M., Alhadad, A. A., & Ali, E. A. (2025). Isolation and Identification of Bacteria Causing UrinaryTract Infections and Their Antibiotic Sensitivity Pattern at Mohammad Almoghariaf Hospital in Ajdabiya. Libyan Open University Journal of Applied Sciences (LOUJAS), 08-18.
Kebede, D., Shiferaw, Y., Kebede, E., & Demsiss, W. (2025). Antimicrobial susceptibility and risk factors of uropathogens in symptomatic urinary tract infection cases at Dessie Referral Hospital, Ethiopia. BMC microbiology, 25(1), 126.
Forouzani, F., Sharifi, A., Mojarad, N., Mohammadi, Z., & Shahriarirad, R. (2023). Antibiotic resistance pattern among isolated bacteria from urinary tract infection patients in the intensive care unit. Journal of Medical Bacteriology.
Salman, H. A., Alsallameh, S. M. S., Muhamad, G., & Taha, Z. (2022). Prevalence of multi-antibiotic resistant bacteria isolated from children with urinary tract infection from Baghdad, Iraq. Microbiology and Biotechnology Letters, 50(1), 147-156.
Majumder, M. M. I., Mahadi, A. R., Ahmed, T., Ahmed, M., Uddin, M. N., & Alam, M. Z. (2022). Antibiotic resistance pattern of microorganisms causing urinary tract infection: a 10-year comparative analysis in a tertiary care hospital of Bangladesh. Antimicrobial Resistance & Infection Control, 11(1), 156.
Shirvani, M., Keramati, A., & Esmaeli, M. (2023). Evaluating the pattern of antibiotic resistance of urinary tract infection (UTI)-causing bacteria in the urine culture samples of patients in the infectious ward of Imam Khomeini Hospital, Kermanshah, in Iran from 2016–2018. African Journal of Urology, 29(1), 32.
Downloads
Published
How to Cite
Issue
Section
License
Copyright (c) 2026 Abubaker Elrotob، Osama Albasha
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.
